Awake Intubation Made Easy and Acceptable

Awake blind nasal intubation.

Awake blind nasal endotracheal intubation is a modification of Sir Ivan Magill's technique of blind nasal intubation under ether anaesthesia.1 The introduction of neuromuscular blocking agents, facilitating oral intubation under direct vision, led to a decline in popularity of Magill's method and it is now used sparingly, if at all.2 Where the sedated patient remains awake and co-operative, the...

Anaesthesia for awake intubation

The first surgical choledochoscope was introduced in 1965. Murphy subsequently used this instrument to perform the first ever fibre-optic intubation in 1967. The fibre-optic bronchoscope has now become an essential anaesthetic instrument. Awake intubation of the airway can be achieved safely with a variety of techniques using topical analgesia, regional nerve blockade, with or without sedation....

Learning fiberoptic intubation for awake nasotracheal intubation

Background Fiberoptic nasotracheal intubation (FNI) is performed if it is difficult to open the mouth or if intubation using laryngoscope is expected to be difficult. However, training is necessary because intubation performed by inexperienced operators leads to complications. Methods Every resident performed intubation in 40 patients. Success of FNI was evaluated as the time of FNI. First in...

Atom Bomb Made Easy

Concurrent Programming Made Easy

The task of programming concurrent systems is substantially more difficult than the task of programming sequential systems with respect to both correctness and efficiency. In this paper we describe a constraint-based methodology for writing concurrent applications. A system is modeled as: (a) a set of processes containing a sequence of “markers” denoting the processes points of interest; and (b...